Relocated songbirds can successfully learn the diversity of song they need to survive

Relocated songbirds can successfully learn the diversity of song they need to survive - University of Plymouth

A new study focused on a population of cirl bunting reintroduced into Cornwall from 2006

Nestling songbirds relocated as part of conservation programmes successfully learn the song repertoires they need to communicate – and ultimately survive – in the wild, a new study has found.

The research, published in the journal Conservation Science and Practice, is the first to follow translocated songbird chicks over time to assess their song development.

It focused on populations of cirl buntings (Emberiza cirlus), taken from a number of sites in Devon before being hand-reared and then reintroduced in Cornwall as part of a major programme co-ordinated by the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB) between 2006 and 2011.

Cirl buntings are songbirds, which means they need to learn their songs from adult tutors and the relocated birds were all chicks that were hand-reared.

As a result, in addition to RSPB officers examining the overall success of the conservation programme, scientists recorded the birds’ song to assess the song repertoires of the relocated birds.

Recordings at the release site in Cornwall in 2011 showed the population contained a reduced number of song types and individuals sang a wide range of abnormal song types, all very different to the source populations in Devon.

This was not that surprising given they had only had a CD with a single cirl bunting song played to them while being hand-reared. However, on following up in 2019 the Cornwall population’s song repertoire had reached similar levels to the source populations in Devon, with song types also typical to those found within other cirl bunting populations.

This showed that despite an issue with the songs produced in 2011, termed by scientists as a cultural bottleneck, the population recovered as it increased in size.

It also suggests that if the translocation of nestlings is deemed necessary for conservation purposes, it may not lead to long-term problems for communication and population persistence.

The research was carried out by conservation experts at the University of Plymouth, the RSPB, and Manchester Metropolitan University.